Sponsoring the Killing of Sharks
Driving into the lovely seaside village of Cape May, New Jersey, I was struck by two conflicting images. On one side of the marina was a sign welcoming visitors to this proud tourist destination, and inviting them to enjoy a spot of whale watching. On the other was a large mako shark, recently caught, strung up and bleeding on a gantry.
Cape May is roughly halfway between Washington D.C. and New York, where I had just attended the inaugural United Nations Oceans Conference. For one week, global leaders and NGOs had gathered to share their concerns and discuss measures to protect the world's oceans and all the creatures that live in them.
Magnificent Mako
The mako shark is one such creature. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the global authority on the status of the natural world and the measures needed to safeguard it. The IUCN considers the mako “vulnerable to extinction”. And yet just a two-hour drive away from New York, mako sharks were being hunted in a sponsored competition – on World Oceans Day!
The thoughtless timing may have been coincidental – during the summer there are some 70 such competitions on the US East Coast. But when I heard about the South Jersey Shark Tournament, I decided to drive down and see for myself.
Fast & slow
Makos are among the world's fastest sharks, and the most aerobatic – their spectacular leaps out of the water make them prize quarry for sport fisherman. The mako strung up in front of me would have been at least 8 years old. Left alone in the wild, mako sharks are long-lived. Like whales, they are slow to reproduce and have very few young. In the Mediterranean, a potential nursery ground for Atlantic makos, the IUCN has listed them as “critically endangered”. That's just one level below “extinct in the wild”.
The Mako is a migratory species that doesn't recognise international borders. Its western Atlantic range – where this one was caught – stretches from the Grand Banks off Canada down to northern Argentina. To the east, mako sharks cruise the Atlantic coast off Norway down past the British Isles and around the African bulge and down to the continent's tip.
The IUCN lists the mako as “vulnerable to extinction” – which means that it is more threatened than the white rhino. Can you imagine a competition on the African savannah, where hunters in SUVs set out to kill white rhinos, sponsored by a vehicle manufacturer?
Blood sport
Sharks have been swimming in our oceans for over 450 million years; and yet in one human lifetime we are pushing them to the edge of extinction. Some 100 million sharks are killed in our oceans each year – that's over 270,000 sharks killed each day. While commercial fisheries are responsible for most of these deaths, in 2013 more large sharks were killed by sport-fishermen in the US than by fishing fleets.
We must change our attitude to sharks, which have been demonised in 70s blockbusters like Jaws, and even more ridiculous modern film series like Sharknado. What are we thinking?
We need to move away from a world where we fear sharks to a world where we fear a world without sharks. Starting with ending the competitive mass slaughter of threatened animals sponsored by corporations that should know better.
I'm calling for a global ban on tournaments in which threatened species are killed. I'm calling on consumers to boycott Yamaha, Home Depot and Budweiser until they stop supporting this senselessness. And I'm asking you to join me in keeping up the pressure until they stop.
I've swum over an ocean floor covered as far as my eye could see with whale bones; witnessed first-hand evidence of how an industry hunted those animals almost out of existence.
Today we look back on the whaling industry, its whalebone corsets and whale oil lamps, and think: how archaic. One day we'll look back on sponsored shark hunts the same way.I just hope creatures like the magnificent mako will still be here when we finally come to our senses.
Lewis Pugh is an endurance swimmer and the UN Patron of the Oceans.
